IPv6
- Intro To IPv6
- IPv6 are 128-bits, have a MUCH larger address space than IPv4.
- IPv6 addresses have 8 segments separated by 7 colons.
- IPv6 allows data to move much faster through the internet.
- NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol)
- IPv6 Addressing
- IPv6 addresses can be shortened by removing leading zeros, but be familiar with the rules.
- IPv6 addresses have 2 IP addresses: a link-local address & an Internet address.
- The 2nd part of the IPv6 address using EUI-64 is generated from the MAC address.
- Link-local address is automatically generated; Internet address is provided by local router.
- Link-local address starts fe80:0000:0000:0000 (1st four sets)
- Smallest IPv6 address you can have will be /64 (“wack 64”). (Everything is CIDR now!)
- VLSM (Variable-length subnet mask)
- Dual stack–running IPv4 & IPv6.
- IPv6 addresses cannot use more than one set of double colons (::) to represent strings of zeros. ex: 2001:C2A::BB29::3F00:A5B6 is NOT valid.
- IPv6 In Action
- EUI-64 uses the MAC address to generate a unique 64-bit ID to automatically configure a host address.
- IPv6 uses router solicitations/advertisements to access Internet route information.
- Applications sometime request temporary IP addresses; this is easily supported by IPv6 stateless auto configuration.
- EUI-64 vs. randomizer –> makes address more anonymous.
- ICMPv6–multicast messages
- Neighbor solicitations & Neighbor advertisements.
- Router solicitation & Router advertisements.
- Router prefix
- Stateful DHCPv6
- Local DNS server
- IPv4 & IPv6 Tunneling
- If you are on IPv4, you need a tunneling protocol to get to the IPv6 internet.
- Microsoft provides some tunnels, like Toredo and 6to4.
- IPv6 Notes
- IPv4 & IPv6 are NOT automatically translated back & forth.
- IPv6 tunnels are used to pass IPv6 traffic over IPv4 networks. They accomplish this by encapsulating IPv6 packets within IPv4 packets.
